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Terrain (Country profile category: Geography)

Afghanistan:
mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest

Albania:
mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast

Algeria:
mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain

American Samoa:
five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)

Andorra:
rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys

Angola:
narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

Anguilla:
flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone

Antarctica:
about 98% thick continental ice sheet and 2% barren rock, with average elevations between 2,000 and 4,000 meters; mountain ranges up to 5,140 meters; ice-free coastal areas include parts of southern Victoria Land, Wilkes Land, the Antarctic Peninsula area, and parts of Ross Island on McMurdo Sound; glaciers form ice shelves along about half of the coastline, and floating ice shelves constitute 11% of the area of the continent

Antigua and Barbuda:
mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas

Arctic Ocean:
central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)

Argentina:
rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border

Armenia:
Armenian Highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in Aras River valley

Aruba:
flat with a few hills; scant vegetation

Ashmore and Cartier Islands:
low with sand and coral

Atlantic Ocean:
surface usually covered with sea ice in Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and Baltic Sea from October to June; clockwise warm-water gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the northern Atlantic, counterclockwise warm-water gyre in the southern Atlantic; the ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a rugged north-south centerline for the entire Atlantic basin

Australia:
mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast

Austria:
in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping

Azerbaijan:
large, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea

Bahamas, The:
long, flat coral formations with some low rounded hills

Bahrain:
mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment

Baker Island:
low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef

Bangladesh:
mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast

Barbados:
relatively flat; rises gently to central highland region

Bassas da India:
volcanic rock

Belarus:
generally flat and contains much marshland

Belgium:
flat coastal plains in northwest, central rolling hills, rugged mountains of Ardennes Forest in southeast

Belize:
flat, swampy coastal plain; low mountains in south

Benin:
mostly flat to undulating plain; some hills and low mountains

Bermuda:
low hills separated by fertile depressions

Bhutan:
mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna

Bolivia:
rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
mountains and valleys

Botswana:
predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest

Bouvet Island:
volcanic; maximum elevation about 800 m; coast is mostly inaccessible

Brazil:
mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt

British Indian Ocean Territory:
flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)

British Virgin Islands:
coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly

Brunei:
flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west

Bulgaria:
mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast

Burkina Faso:
mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and southeast

Burma:
central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands

Burundi:
hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains

Cambodia:
mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

Cameroon:
diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

Canada:
mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast

Cape Verde:
steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic

Cayman Islands:
low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs

Central African Republic:
vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest

Chad:
broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south

Chile:
low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east

China:
mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east

Christmas Island:
steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau

Clipperton Island:
coral atoll

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
flat, low-lying coral atolls

Colombia:
flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains

Comoros:
volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
vast central basin is a low-lying plateau; mountains in east

Congo, Republic of the:
coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin

Cook Islands:
low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south

Coral Sea Islands:
sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays)

Costa Rica:
coastal plains separated by rugged mountains

Cote d'Ivoire:
mostly flat to undulating plains; mountains in northwest

Croatia:
geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands

Cuba:
mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

Cyprus:
central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast

Czech Republic:
Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country

Denmark:
low and flat to gently rolling plains

Djibouti:
coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains

Dominica:
rugged mountains of volcanic origin

Dominican Republic:
rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed

Ecuador:
coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)

Egypt:
vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and delta

El Salvador:
mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau

Equatorial Guinea:
coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

Eritrea:
dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains

Estonia:
marshy, lowlands

Ethiopia:
high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley

Europa Island:
low and flat

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains

Faroe Islands:
rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast

Fiji:
mostly mountains of volcanic origin

Finland:
mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills

France:
mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east

French Guiana:
low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains

French Polynesia:
mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs

French Southern and Antarctic Lands:
volcanic

Gabon:
narrow coastal plain; hilly interior; savanna in east and south

Gambia, The:
flood plain of the Gambia river flanked by some low hills

Gaza Strip:
flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain

Georgia:
largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland

Germany:
lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south

Ghana:
mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area

Gibraltar:
a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar

Glorioso Islands:
low and flat

Greece:
mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands

Greenland:
flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast

Grenada:
volcanic in origin with central mountains

Guadeloupe:
Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin

Guam:
volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low-rising hills in center, mountains in south

Guatemala:
mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)

Guernsey:
mostly level with low hills in southwest

Guinea:
generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior

Guinea-Bissau:
mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east

Guyana:
mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south

Haiti:
mostly rough and mountainous

Heard Island and McDonald Islands:
Heard Island - bleak and mountainous, with a quiescent volcano; McDonald Islands - small and rocky

Holy See (Vatican City):
low hill

Honduras:
mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains

Hong Kong:
hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north

Howland Island:
low-lying, nearly level, sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef; depressed central area

Hungary:
mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border

Iceland:
mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords

India:
upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north

Indian Ocean:
surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge

Indonesia:
mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains

Iran:
rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts

Iraq:
mostly broad plains; reedy marshes along Iranian border in south with large flooded areas; mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey

Ireland:
mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast

Israel:
Negev desert in the south; low coastal plain; central mountains; Jordan Rift Valley

Italy:
mostly rugged and mountainous; some plains, coastal lowlands

Jamaica:
mostly mountains, with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain

Jan Mayen:
volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers

Japan:
mostly rugged and mountainous

Jarvis Island:
sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef

Jersey:
gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast

Johnston Atoll:
mostly flat

Jordan:
mostly desert plateau in east, highland area in west; Great Rift Valley separates East and West Banks of the Jordan River

Juan de Nova Island:
low and flat

Kazakhstan:
extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oases and desert in Central Asia

Kenya:
low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west

Kingman Reef:
low and nearly level

Kiribati:
mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs

Korea, North:
mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys; coastal plains wide in west, discontinuous in east

Korea, South:
mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south

Kuwait:
flat to slightly undulating desert plain

Kyrgyzstan:
peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation

Laos:
mostly rugged mountains; some plains and plateaus

Latvia:
low plain

Lebanon:
narrow coastal plain; Al Biqa' (Bekaa Valley) separates Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains

Lesotho:
mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains

Liberia:
mostly flat to rolling coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in northeast

Libya:
mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions

Liechtenstein:
mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third

Lithuania:
lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil

Luxembourg:
mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast

Macau:
generally flat

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of:
mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River

Madagascar:
narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center

Malawi:
narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains

Malaysia:
coastal plains rising to hills and mountains

Maldives:
flat, with white sandy beaches

Mali:
mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast

Malta:
mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs

Man, Isle of:
hills in north and south bisected by central valley

Marshall Islands:
low coral limestone and sand islands

Martinique:
mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano

Mauritania:
mostly barren, flat plains of the Sahara; some central hills

Mauritius:
small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau

Mayotte:
generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks

Mexico:
high, rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert

Micronesia, Federated States of:
islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk

Midway Islands:
low, nearly level

Moldova:
rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea

Monaco:
hilly, rugged, rocky

Mongolia:
vast semidesert and desert plains; mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in southeast

Montserrat:
volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland

Morocco:
northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains

Mozambique:
mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west

Namibia:
mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari Desert in east

Nauru:
sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center

Navassa Island:
raised coral and limestone plateau, flat to undulating; ringed by vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 m high)

Nepal:
Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north

Netherlands:
mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders); some hills in southeast

Netherlands Antilles:
generally hilly, volcanic interiors

New Caledonia:
coastal plains with interior mountains

New Zealand:
predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains

Nicaragua:
extensive Atlantic coastal plains rising to central interior mountains; narrow Pacific coastal plain interrupted by volcanoes

Niger:
predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north

Nigeria:
southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Niue:
steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau

Norfolk Island:
volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains

Northern Mariana Islands:
southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic

Norway:
glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north

Oman:
vast central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south

Pacific Ocean:
surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre; in the northern Pacific, sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter; in the southern Pacific, sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October; the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the Mariana Trench, which is the world's deepest

Pakistan:
flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west

Palau:
varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs

Palmyra Atoll:
very low

Panama:
interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills

Papua New Guinea:
mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills

Paracel Islands:
NA

Paraguay:
grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere

Peru:
western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)

Philippines:
mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands

Pitcairn Islands:
rugged volcanic formation; rocky coastline with cliffs

Poland:
mostly flat plain; mountains along southern border

Portugal:
mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south

Puerto Rico:
mostly mountains, with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas

Qatar:
mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel

Reunion:
mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast

Romania:
central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps

Russia:
broad plain with low hills west of Urals; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; uplands and mountains along southern border regions

Rwanda:
mostly grassy uplands and hills; relief is mountainous with altitude declining from west to east

Saint Helena:
Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
volcanic with mountainous interiors

Saint Lucia:
volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
mostly barren rock

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
volcanic, mountainous

Samoa:
narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior

San Marino:
rugged mountains

Sao Tome and Principe:
volcanic, mountainous

Saudi Arabia:
mostly uninhabited, sandy desert

Senegal:
generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast

Serbia and Montenegro:
extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills; to the southwest, extremely high shoreline with no islands off the coast

Seychelles:
Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs

Sierra Leone:
coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east

Singapore:
lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve

Slovakia:
rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south

Slovenia:
a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

Solomon Islands:
mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls

Somalia:
mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north

South Africa:
vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and narrow coastal plain

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands:
most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes

Southern Ocean:
the Southern Ocean is deep, 4,000 to 5,000 meters over most of its extent with only limited areas of shallow water; the antarctic continental shelf is generally narrow and unusually deep - its edge lying at depths of 400 to 800 meters (the global mean is 133 meters); the Antarctic ice pack grows from an average minimum of 2.6 million square kilometers in March to about 18.8 million square kilometers in September, better than a sevenfold increase in area; the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (21,000 km in length) moves perpetually eastward; it is the world's largest ocean current, transporting 130 million cubic meters of water per second - 100 times the flow of all the world's rivers

Spain:
large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in north

Spratly Islands:
flat

Sri Lanka:
mostly low, flat to rolling plain; mountains in south-central interior

Sudan:
generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in east and west

Suriname:
mostly rolling hills; narrow coastal plain with swamps

Svalbard:
wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts

Swaziland:
mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains

Sweden:
mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west

Switzerland:
mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes

Syria:
primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west

Tajikistan:
Pamir and Alay mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest

Tanzania:
plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south

Thailand:
central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere

Togo:
gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Tokelau:
low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons

Tonga:
most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base

Trinidad and Tobago:
mostly plains with some hills and low mountains

Tromelin Island:
low, flat, and sandy

Tunisia:
mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara

Turkey:
mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central plateau (Anatolia)

Turkmenistan:
flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west

Turks and Caicos Islands:
low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps

Tuvalu:
very low-lying and narrow coral atolls

Uganda:
mostly plateau with rim of mountains

Ukraine:
most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south

United Arab Emirates:
flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east

United Kingdom:
mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast

United States:
vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii

Uruguay:
mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland

Uzbekistan:
mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Sirdaryo (Syr Darya), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west

Vanuatu:
mostly mountains of volcanic origin; narrow coastal plains

Venezuela:
Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast

Vietnam:
low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest

Virgin Islands:
mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land

Wake Island:
atoll of three coral islands built up on an underwater volcano; central lagoon is former crater, islands are part of the rim

Wallis and Futuna:
volcanic origin; low hills

West Bank:
mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east

Western Sahara:
mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast

World:
the greatest ocean depth is the Mariana Trench at 10,924 m in the Pacific Ocean

Yemen:
narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula

Zambia:
mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains

Zimbabwe:
mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld); mountains in east

Taiwan:
eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west

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